""" BJC : Beauty and Joy of Computing """
""" Besides Blocks II code examples   """
""" Author: Dan Garcia, UC Berkeley   """
""" License: (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0)        """

import functools
import math

"""Let's start with our classic Acronym"""

def acronym(sentence):
    """Return the acronym of the input sentence."""
    return(functools.reduce(lambda L,R:L+R, (map(lambda word:word[0], filter(lambda word: len(word)>3, sentence.split(" "))))))

print("acronym('The United States of America') = " + acronym("The United States of America"))

"""Let's take a look at the wordvalue question from the midterm"""

testdictionary = ('and', 'bob', 'ralph')
dictfileptr = open('/usr/share/dict/words')
dictionary = list(map(lambda word: word[:-1].lower(),dictfileptr.readlines()))
dictfileptr.close()

def lettervalue(letter):
    """Return the value of a lowercase letter (a=1, b=2, ..., z=26)"""
    return ord(letter)-ord('a')+1

def wordvalue(word):
    """Return the value of a word (the sum of all its letters, a=1, b=2, etc)"""
    return functools.reduce(lambda x,y:x+y, map(lettervalue,word))

def wordswithmyvalue(word):
    """Return all words in 'dictionary' (global) that have the same word value as the input"""
    return list(filter(lambda cword: wordvalue(cword) == wordvalue(word), dictionary))

print("The words that have the same value as 'cal' are:")
print(wordswithmyvalue("cal"))

"""Now, how about the list-of-functions --> equivalent-function"""

def compose(f,g):
    """Given two monadic functions f and g, return lambda(x),f(g(x))"""
    return lambda x: f(g(x))

def oneplus(x):
    """Return 1+input"""
    return 1+x

def double(x):
    """Return double the input"""
    return x+x

oneplusdouble = compose(oneplus,double)
print("1+(double(10)) = ", end="")
print(oneplusdouble(10))  ### 21

print("1+(double(sqrt(100))) = ", end="")
print(functools.reduce(compose,[oneplus,double,math.sqrt])(100)) ### 21