Due by 11:59pm on Wednesday, 1/28
Download hw01.zip. Inside the archive, you will find a file called hw01.py, along with a copy of the OK autograder.
Submission: When you are done, submit with
python3 ok --submit
. You may submit more than once before
the deadline; only the final submission will be scored.
The ok
program helps you test your code and track your progress.
The first time you run the autograder, you will be asked to log in with your
@berkeley.edu account using your web browser. Please do so. Each time you run
ok, it will back up your work and progress on our servers.
You can run all the doctests with the following command:
python3 ok
To test a specific question, use the -q
option with the
name of the function:
python3 ok -q <function>
By default, only tests that fail will appear. If you
want to see how you did on all tests, you can use the -v
option:
python3 ok -v
If you do not want to send your progress to our server or you have any
problems logging in, add the --local
flag to block all
communication:
python3 ok --local
When you are ready to submit, run ok
with the
--submit
option:
python3 ok --submit
Readings: You might find the following references useful:
We've seen that we can give new names to existing functions. Fill in
the blanks in the following function definition for adding a
to the
absolute value of b
, without calling abs
.
from operator import add, sub
def a_plus_abs_b(a, b):
"""Return a+abs(b), but without calling abs.
>>> a_plus_abs_b(2, 3)
5
>>> a_plus_abs_b(2, -3)
5
"""
if b < 0:
f = _____
else:
f = _____
return f(a, b)
Write a function that takes three positive numbers and returns the sum of the squares of the two largest numbers. Use only a single expression for the body of the function:
def two_of_three(a, b, c):
"""Return x*x + y*y, where x and y are the two largest members of the
positive numbers a, b, and c.
>>> two_of_three(1, 2, 3)
13
>>> two_of_three(5, 3, 1)
34
>>> two_of_three(10, 2, 8)
164
>>> two_of_three(5, 5, 5)
50
"""
"*** YOUR CODE HERE ***"
Let's try to write a function that does the same thing as an if
statement.
def if_function(condition, true_result, false_result):
"""Return true_result if condition is a true value, and
false_result otherwise.
>>> if_function(True, 2, 3)
2
>>> if_function(False, 2, 3)
3
>>> if_function(3==2, 3+2, 3-2)
1
>>> if_function(3>2, 3+2, 3-2)
5
"""
if condition:
return true_result
else:
return false_result
Despite the doctests above, this function actually does not do the
same thing as an if
statement in all cases. To prove this fact,
write functions c
, t
, and f
such that with_if_statement
returns the number 1
, but with_if_function
does not (it can do
anything else):
def with_if_statement():
"""
>>> with_if_statement()
1
"""
if c():
return t()
else:
return f()
def with_if_function():
return if_function(c(), t(), f())
def c():
"*** YOUR CODE HERE ***"
def t():
"*** YOUR CODE HERE ***"
def f():
"*** YOUR CODE HERE ***"
Note: No tests will be run on your solution to this problem.
Douglas Hofstadter's Pulitzer-prize-winning book, Gödel, Escher, Bach, poses the following mathematical puzzle.
n
as the start.n
is even, divide it by 2.n
is odd, multiply it by 3 and add 1.n
is 1.The number n
will travel up and down but eventually end at 1 (at
least for all numbers that have ever been tried — nobody has ever
proved that the sequence will terminate). Analogously, a hailstone
travels up and down in the atmosphere before eventually landing on
earth.
The sequence of values of n
is often called a Hailstone sequence,
because hailstones also travel up and down in the atmosphere before
falling to earth. Write a function that takes a single argument with
formal parameter name n
, prints out the hailstone sequence starting
at n
, and returns the number of steps in the sequence:
def hailstone(n):
"""Print the hailstone sequence starting at n and return its
length.
>>> a = hailstone(10)
10
5
16
8
4
2
1
>>> a
7
"""
"*** YOUR CODE HERE ***"
Hailstone sequences can get quite long! Try 27. What's the longest you can find?
Write a one-line program that prints itself, using only the following features of the Python language:
+
, -
, *
, and /
print
functioneval
function, which evaluates a string as a Python expressionrepr
function, which returns an expression that evaluates to its argumentYou can concatenate two strings by adding them together with +
and repeat a
string by multipying it by an integer. Semicolons can be used to separate
multiple statements on the same line. E.g.,
>>> c='c';print('a');print('b' + c * 2)
a
bcc
Hint: Explore the relationship between single quotes, double quotes, and the
repr
function applied to strings.
Place your solution in the multi-line string named challenge_question_program
in hw01.py
.
Note: No tests will be run on your solution to this problem.