Lab 0

Deadline: Friday, September 4 (extended by 1 week for lab00 only)

Hello! Welcome to CS61C! We’re excited to have you on board :D Please pay attention as we demonstrate the safety features of this aircraft.

This lab may be a little long, but please read carefully; it covers many important things that will prepare you for the rest of the course!

Objectives

Each lab will begin with a few objectives; use them to reflect on your learning and guide your thinking! Here are the objectives for this lab:

• The student will be able to describe and adhere to all course policies, including the lab checkoff policy.
• The student will set up accounts for GitHub, Gradescope, Hive machines, Piazza, and other course-related services.
• The student will gain familiarity with Linux and Git commands.

Jargon

A quick clarification on some terms:

• TA/GSI/uGSI: Teaching Assistant (sometimes called Graduate/Undergraduate Student Instructor).
• AI: Academic Intern, also part of course staff. You’ll see them in checkoff, OH, and Piazza.
  • In this course, AI generally stands for this, and not “artificial intelligence”.
• OH: Office Hours, where you can meet course staff in (virtual) meetings and ask 61C-related questions. Or occasionally, if it’s not busy, non-61C-related things.
• Hive/”Hive machines”/”the Hive”: a group of instructional servers. More details later in the lab.

Exercise 0: Introduce Yourself

This semester is going to be one of our largest yet, clocking in at 1200 enrolled (+ 50 on waitlist) as I’m writing this. In order to accomodate all the different situations people are in, we need to know a little more about your preferences for the class.

Action Items

• Please fill out the not-too-long introduction form ASAP (by EOD Friday, August 28). The content of your responses will not affect your grade.
  • This is a Google Form. If you cannot access this form, please refer to the Accessing Services section below.

Exercise 1: Course Policies

You can view the course policies on the policies page of the course website. You are responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies throughout the course of the semester. Please pay particular attention to the Grading, Labs, and Academic Dishonesty and Cheating sections.

Action Items

• Once you’ve finished reviewing the policies, take the Lab 0: Course Policies Quiz on Gradescope.

Exercise 2: Setup

Unfortunately, assignments in this course do require some (sometimes boring) setup. Let’s get that out of the way.

Accessing Services

CS 61C primarily uses a couple services for distributing assignments, receiving work, and grading. There’s a brief overview of the important ones in the sections below.

If you’re unable to access any services or resources due to internet access restrictions, please download and use the Berkeley campus VPN at https://lib.berkeley.edu/using-the-libraries/vpn. If the campus VPN is inaccessible or doesn’t work for you, contact us (Piazza preferrably, or email cs61c [at] berkeley.edu) and we can try to work something out.

Unfortunately, some services and resources may be inaccessible or blocked in certain regions. As I’m writing this lab:

• GitHub (AWS + their own infrastructure) is inaccessible in some regions.
• Google and YouTube are inaccessible in some regions.
• Gradescope and Piazza are hosted on Amazon Web Services (AWS), which may be partially inaccessible in some regions.
• OH Queue and OkPy are hosted on Google Cloud Platform (GCP), which may be partially inaccessible in some regions.
• The 61C website is hosted by GitHub Pages with Cloudflare in the middle, so it may be partially inaccessible in some regions.
• Hive machines are accessed using the SSH protocol, which may be partially blocked in some environments (e.g. CalVisitor WiFi on campus).

(╯°□°）╯︵ ┻━━━┻

Also, this post ended up on Overheard in summer 2020, but with the VPN bit cropped out. Please don’t crop that out, it makes us look evil :(

CalNet ID (and Berkeley Google accounts)

Most students should have a CalNet ID (and therefore, email ending in @berkeley.edu).

• If a service allows CalNet ID login, use that whenever possible.
• If a service prompts you to sign in with Google, log in using your @berkeley.edu email if possible. This is your “Berkeley Google account” (or bConnected account, but nobody says that).

If you would like to use an existing account on a service, try to add your Berkeley email, preferrably as the primary email.

Piazza

Piazza is a discussion forum that we’ll be using as the main method of communication for this course. All announcements will be made here, and almost all questions or comments you may have should be posted here (unless we say otherwise).

We’ve already emailed invites to the 61C Piazza course to most enrolled students. If you’ve recently enrolled, this may be delayed by several hours while the campus systems process your enrollment.

Please read through the Discussion Forum section of our policies. Please remember and follow the Piazza Etiquette!

Instructional Accounts and Servers (the Hive!)

The “Hive” is a group of servers maintained by the EECS department. Campus is not exactly open right now, but they live in Soda 330 if you ever want to give them a hug! You can intearct with these servers remotely through SSH and the command line (more on that later). We’ve already installed most of the software we’ll be using on the Hive machines, so you can work on most assignments on the Hive if you want! You can find a list of Hive machines at Hivemind (the names starting with hive). Every Hive machine shares the same network mount, so files will be synced across all the machines.

You will need to sign up for an EECS instructional account, which you’ll use to access the Hive. We’ll also be using your instructional account username as your primary ID for checkoff (though you can use your @berkeley.edu email address for some exceptions).

Note: If you can’t create an account for whatever reason, don’t worry! Fill out the form in the Non-standard Enrollment section, and continue without an account for now.

Gradescope

Gradescope is the platform we use for submitting and grading assignments. Programming assignments, homework, and quizzes will be submitted here.

We’ve already invited most students to the 61C Gradescope course. To sign in, visit Gradescope, click Log In, then School Credentials, then CalNet ID.

Warning: Please ensure you set your @berkeley.edu email as your primary email. If not, we might not be able to find your Gradescope account, and you may receive an F in the class!

GitHub

GitHub is a hosted Git service we use for code distribution, along with GitHub Classroom tools.

If you have an existing GitHub account, feel free to use that; repositories created in this course are private, and anything you do for this course shouldn’t affect the rest of your GitHub account.

If you don’t have a GitHub account or want to make a new one, GitHub.

YouTube

Most lectures and other video resources will be uploaded to YouTube. You will need to be signed into YouTube using your Berkeley Google account to view some videos. If you’re unable to view a video, make sure you’re using your Berkeley Google account.

Zoom

We will be holding meetings (OH, lab checkoff, project parties, lectures, discussions, etc.) over Zoom. When signing in, use the Sign in with SSO option, enter berkeley.zoom.us, and sign in with your CalNet ID.

Regularly scheduled meetings (e.g. OH, discussions) will be held in standing Zoom rooms. The links for these can be found in the Zoom Links Piazza post.

OH Queue

Office Hours (OH), checkoffs, and project parties will be scheduled and managed through the OH Queue. Please use your Berkeley Google account when logging in; non-Berkeley Google accounts will not be able to use the OH Queue properly.

Please read the blue info box on the OH Queue page.

When your appointment/ticket is picked up by course staff, a large green Join Call button will appear on the appointment/ticket page. Clicking this button will take you to a Zoom call with the staff member. If you’re having issues, let staff know using the OH Queue chatbox.

Non-standard Enrollment

If you’re enrolled in the course as a Berkeley student, you can ignore this blurb.

If you’re a concurrent enrollment student, or in CS 47C, or otherwise not enrolled in CS 61C, please fill out this form so you can get access to our resources.

Action Items

• Sign up for and log into all the services described above.
• If you’re getting tired of reading, try taking a short break (Minesweeper, anyone?)

Exercise 3: Command Line Essentials

If you took CS61A and CS61B, you likely have some experience with a command line interface (CLI) and terminal commands, but we’d like to list some less common commands here that may come in handy during the course. For a review of the basic UNIX commands, look over the CS61B SP19 guide. Be sure to read and understand section B of the guide as well as the commands below, since you’ll need them for Exercise 4.

Example commands will be formatted like:

$ echo "Hello world"

Typing that (without the $) in your terminal will run the command. In this case, it just prints "Hello world".

Flags are commonly used to specify program options or alter behavior. They usually begin with one or two dashes, and can optionally take an argument.

$ gcc --help
$ echo -e "Hello\nworld"

CLI Shortcuts

As a CLI refresher, when typing commands or file paths:

• <tab> will autocomplete the current term
• <up arrow> and <down arrow> will allow you to refill commands you’ve used previously without typing them again.
• <ctrl> + a will move the cursor to the beginning of the current line (helpful for fixing mistakes)
• <ctrl> + e will move the cursor to the end of the current line (also helpful for fixing mistakes)
• <ctrl> + r will let you search through your recently used commands

Working with Files

touch will create a blank file with the file name you provided.

$ touch example.txt

This will create a file named example.txt with nothing inside.

If you’d like to create a file with contents already inside, you can use:

$ echo "Your contents here, inside double quotes" > example.txt

This will create a file with the name example.txt in your current directory. If the file already exists, it will be overwritten. The file will contain Your contents here, inside double quotes but without the double quotes. The > symbol takes one argument which redirects where data printed to stdout is sent. Here, we are redirecting the output of echo to a file named example.txt.

You can also use the echo command by itself, in which case it will print the string to the terminal (without creating a file in the process).

$ echo "yubi yubi~"

You can view the contents of a file with the cat or less commands.

$ cat example.txt
$ less example.txt

cat print the contents of example.txt to your terminal. less opens a basic editorYou can provide a relative or absolute path to print out non-local files.

man - Manual Pages

The manual pages (“man pages”) are great UNIX resources that are often underused; while not as versatile as Google, they contain documentation on UNIX components from program usage, language standards and conventions, and more. They also work offline, so they can be handy if you’re ever stuck in a North Alaskan woodland cabin in the middle of a snowstorm basking in the dying glow of a ThinkPad which BTW runs Arch Linux.

While your favorite search engine probably also has the answers you’re looking for, in this course, we’d still like you to get comfortable with using man, especially for C and UNIX-related questions.

If you want the man page for a single program/command, you can run:

$ man command_name | less

The man page for a program typically contains information about what the program is used for, what certain flags do when you invoke the program with them, and where to go for more information. Since we piped the man page into less, this page is scrollable (use your arrow keys or the space bar). Hit q to exit the man page and get back to your terminal prompt.

$ man echo | less

The above command should bring up the man page for the echo command.

If you want to search the man pages for a command that pertains to a keyword:

$ man -k single_keyword | less

This command will search the manual pages for a command with the keyword single_keyword. Forget how to open files in Vim? You can search for editor and get a list of all editor-related commands on your system.

ssh - “Secure Shell”

For this class, we’ll expect you to test most of your projects, homeworks, and labs on the Hive machines. To access the Hive machines remotely, you’ll be using the SSH protocol and programs.

Note: If you weren’t able to get an instructional account, you can come back here later!

You can find a list of Hive machines at Hivemind. There are 30 of them, named hive1, hive2, …, hive30. If its name starts with hive, it is a Hive machine. If it doesn’t start with hive (sorry ashby), it’s not a Hive machine.

Sometimes, a Hive machine may be down or overloaded. If you’re getting “Connection refused” or “Connection timeout” or other connection errors, check Hivemind and pick another machine to use.

Once you have an instructional account, you can SSH into an instructional server with the following command:

$ ssh cs61c-???@hive#.cs.berkeley.edu

Remember to replace cs61c-??? with your instructional account username, and hive# with a Hive machine’s name. The default password is displayed by WebAccount when creating the account, so you might have to reset your password if you forgot it.

Troubleshooting:

• If nothing happens for a long time: check your internet connection. Some network firewalls, including CalVisitor on campus, block SSH. Try another network (AirBears2 or eduroam if you’re on campus).
• Connection refused or other weird errors: the Hive machine you picked might be down. Try another one
• Reserved for cs61c staff: try another Hive machine :)

When your connection succeeds, you should be able to interact with and run commands on your chosen Hive machine! To exit this SSH session, simply run:

$ exit

Files on the Hive machines are stored on a network drive, so your account will have the same files on all 30 machines.

Note: If you want to change your instructional account password, you can SSH into the update server:

$ ssh cs61c-???@update.cs.berkeley.edu

Sanity Check

When you’re in a SSH session, your prompt should look similar to this:

If it looks very different, try running fix-dotfiles.

$ /home/ff/cs61c/bin/fix-dotfiles

If your prompt still looks very different, contact course staff on Piazza.

scp - “Secure Copy”

The scp program is used for copying files between computers using the SSH protocol.

Sometimes, you may want to get individual files or entire folders from the Hive machines onto your local system, or vice versa. You can do this by using scp:

$ scp <source> <destination>

To specify a remote source or destination, use username@host:path. To specify a local destination, just use path. As an example:

$ scp cs61c-???@hive3.cs.berkeley.edu:~/some_folder/example.txt ~/Downloads/

Assuming my username is cs61c-???, the above command would connect to hive3 and copy ~/some_folder/example.txt on my instructional account to ~/Downloads/example.txt on my local machine.

If I wanted to copy the other direction (from my local machine to a Hive machine) I would use:

$ scp ~/Downloads/example.txt cs61c-???@hive7.cs.berkeley.edu:~/some_folder/

scp by default only works with files. To copy folders, you need to tell scp to “recursively” copy the folder and all its contents, which you can do with the -r flag:

$ scp -r cs61c-???@hive7.cs.berkeley.edu:~/some_folder ~/Downloads/

Warning: Running scp on the Hive machines (e.g. when you’re in a SSH session) is usually not desired behavior. Running scp example.txt cs61c-???@hive14.cs.berkeley.edu on a Hive machine will copy example.txt to… the same place. You probably want to run it in a local terminal session!

Vim Basics

vim is a text editor included on the Hive machines and many UNIX-based distributions.

Note: We’ll be using Vim in most of our examples and documentation, but we have no hard requirement on which text editor you use; you’re welcome to pick whatever you’re comfortable with, but you should know how to use at least one terminal-based text editor.

To open a file from your current directory, pass the file name to Vim:

$ vim filename

To open a file from another directory, use a relative or absolute path:

$ vim ../other_folder/filename

Some useful Vim commands:

Note: these commands are preceded by <escape> because you’ll need to press the escape key on your keyboard to switch you out of your current mode. For example, if I’m inserting (typing) into a file and want to save, I’d have to hit <escape> to get out of insert mode, then type :w to save my file. If you aren’t in a mode (i.e. you’ve just opened your file) you don’t need to hit escape first, but it won’t hurt :)

For more on Vim, one of our summer 2020 tutors, Yijie, wrote a great Vim for CS61C guide!

Action Items

SSH into any Hive machine. Then:

• If there is a prompt asking you to enter some information:
  • Last name (family name)
  • First name (given name) and any middle name(s)
  • Student ID
  • Email address: please use your Berkeley email
  • Code name: just pick something random. Ignore the “posting grades” bit, we only use Gradescope for grades and not this system
• If there was a prompt, run check-register, and verify that your name, email, and student ID are correct. If anything is incorrect, run re-register.
  • The first email address shown must be listed as a primary or secondary email on your Gradescope account.
• If there wasn’t a prompt, follow the previous bullet point anyway.

Exercise 4: Fun with Git

In this exercise, you’ll get your labs Git repository (“repo”), use Vim, and work with a variety of Git commands. By the end of it, you should feel comfortable using SSH, editing files, pulling/committing/pushing, resolving merge conflicts. If you’d like to review your Git commands before beginning, you can check out this guide.

Getting Your Lab Repo

Make sure you’re logged into GitHub. Fill out the Lab Repository Registration Form. Remember to read the form carefully, and follow the link in the form to accept our invitation to the GitHub Classroom lab assignment. You may need to check your email and confirm the invitation. If you don’t have an instructional account right now, enter zzz in the form. You will be able to edit this later.

Configuring Git

Before we start, let’s tell Git who you are. This information will be used to sign and log your commits. You may not need to do this if you’ve set up Git before, but if you’re on the Hive machines it’s likely a step you’ll need to take.

First, run the following commands on your local machine; make sure to change the name and email to match your information.

$ git config --global user.name "John Doe"
$ git config --global user.email johndoe@example.com

If you have an instructional account, SSH into a Hive machine, and run the same commands.

Cloning Your Repo

Git has the concept of “local” and “remote” repositories. A local repo is located wherever your terminal session is; if you’re in a SSH session, the local repo is a folder on a Hive machine; if your terminal session on your local machine, the local repo is located on your local machine’s filesystem. A remote repo (e.g. GitHub repo) is typically hosted on the Internet.

GitHub Classroom created a repository for you on GitHub, but not locally (would be a little worrying if it could access your local files). To get a local copy of this repository, you can use git clone, which will create a local repository based on information from a remote repo.

If you have an instructional account, SSH into a Hive machine. On the Hive clone the repository into a folder called labs:

$ git clone GITHUB_REPOSITORY_URL labs

If you don’t have an instructional account, that’s fine! Clone the repository into a folder called labs_hive. For the rest of this exercise, any reference to your repository on the Hive is referring to this repository.

$ git clone GITHUB_REPOSITORY_URL labs_hive

Exploring Your Repo

cd into this new folder. List all hidden files (ls -a). Do you see a hidden file/folder?

There is indeed a folder called .git. Its presence indicates that the current folder (folder containing .git) holds a Git repository.

Take a look at your repo’s current remotes and status:

$ git remote -v
$ git status

git clone has already worked a bit of magic here; there’s a remote called origin, and its URL points to your labs repo on GitHub! You’re on a local branch called master, which is “tracking” origin/master (the master branch on the origin remote).

Throughout the semester, course staff may make updates to starter code to fix bugs or release new labs. To receive these updates, you’ll need to add another remote.

$ git remote add starter https://github.com/61c-teach/fa20-lab-starter.git

If you ever want to pull updated starter code, you’d execute the following command:

$ git pull starter master

Since GitHub Classroom clones the starter repo when creating your repo, that command shouldn’t do anything right now.

Finding Commands

Warning: please read carefully. Skipping a step may cause errors that will require you to redo the exercise.

The files for this exercise are located in the lab00 folder in your lab repository.

The main goal of this exercise is to get you familiar with manpages, Git, and other programs, but not to stress you out over finding commands. If you’re stuck trying to find a command, write your best-effort guess, and the autograder will give hints if the command isn’t what we’re expecting.

1. Open first_set.txt. This file contains descriptions of UNIX commands. Use the man pages to figure out which command they refer to. Make sure to include any necessary flags. Once you’ve found them, write the commands, one per line, in the provided answers.txt file.

   answers.txt should look similar to (including the numbers):

   1. first_set_command_1
   2. first_set_command_2
   3. first_set_command_3
   4. first_set_command_4

   Save, add, and commit your changes with the commit message "Answered first set". Push this commit to your GitHub repo.

2. Now, we’ll need to copy the repository to your local computer.

   • If you have an instructional account, exit the SSH session by running exit. You should be back to your local terminal prompt. Use scp to copy the entire labs folder from the Hive to your local machine (refer to Exercise 3 for a refresher on scp). Hint: what does the -r flag do?
   • If you don’t have an instructional account, copy the entire labs_hive folder to a separate labs folder.

   Once you’ve copied the entire folder, cd into this folder and open your answers file.

3. Above your previous answers, add commands (and relevant flags, if needed) that fit this second set of descriptions:

   • Move files from one directory to the next
   • Change a file’s permissions
   • Show the directory you’re currently in
   • Check if a host is online

   answers.txt should look similar to (including the numbers):

   1. second_set_command_1
   2. second_set_command_2
   3. second_set_command_3
   4. second_set_command_4
   5. first_set_command_1
   6. first_set_command_2
   7. first_set_command_3
   8. first_set_command_4

   Save your changes, but do not commit or push them.

4. Go back to your repo on the Hive. Above your previous answers, add the command (and relevant flags, if needed) that fits this description:

   • Show file permissions for all files in a directory

   answers.txt should look similar to (including the numbers):

   1. third_set_command_1
   2. first_set_command_1
   3. first_set_command_2
   4. first_set_command_3
   5. first_set_command_4

   Save, add, commit, and push these changes with the commit message "Answered third set".

5. Go back to your repo on your local machine. Add, commit, and push your changes with the commit message "Answered second set".

   You should get an error message from Git. What does this message mean? How do you resolve it? When resolving this issue, avoid using the rebase command or flags.

   After resolving the issue, you should have all your answers in answers.txt on your local machine. answers.txt should match the following (including the numbers):

   1. Show file permissions for all files in a directory
   2. Move files from one directory to the next
   3. Change a file’s permissions
   4. Show the directory you’re currently in
   5. Check if a host is online
   6. Which command walks a file hierarchy in search of a keyword?
   7. Which command displays information about processes running on your machine?
   8. Which command terminates a process?
   9. Which command can help you find the difference between two files?

   Commit and push your changes.

Info: Lab Submission and Checkoff

Last bit of reading for this lab, I promise.

Submission

To submit your work, push your work to your lab repository on GitHub.

Many of the labs will have an autograder portion. If a lab has an autograder portion, it will specify this in the Checklist section at the bottom of the page. To submit to the autograder, you’ll need to push your work to your lab repository on GitHub. Then go to the Lab Autograder assignment on Gradescope, and submit your lab repository. After a short wait, the page should show your autograder score for the current lab (and previous labs). Make sure you passed the autograder tests!

Checkoff: Overview

Each labs will require you to complete a checkoff to receieve credit. You will be required to work on labs in pairs, and both partners are required to be present during checkoff. This helps us reduce the time we spend on checkoff and allocate that time towards helping students and developing course materials. It also helps you by giving you someone to discuss class material with and work together with to solve lab problems.

If you have not done so already, please read through the Labs section of our policies.

Checkoff: Requirements

Before your scheduled checkoff, please make sure that:

1. You’ve completed the action items for each exercise in the lab.
   • If the exercise asks any questions, make sure you’ve recorded your answers so you’re prepared to answer these quesitons during checkoff.
   • If the exercise asks you to modify code, make sure you’ve modified code as necessary, and that you’ve pushed your modifications to your GitHub lab repo.
2. If the lab has an autograder, you’ve submitted your GitHub repo to the Lab Autograder assignment on Gradescope. Your work should pass the autograder tests, and you should have this page open for checkoff.
3. You (and your partner, if you have one) are available for the checkoff slot you’ve selected.
4. You know your email address and instructional account username (cs61c-???, the one you use to log into Hive machines).

Checkoff: Signing Up

We will be using an appointment-based system on the OH Queue to schedule checkoffs. Checkoff slots for the week will be released on Sunday around 9PM PDT. You (and a partner) may then sign up for a 13 minute checkoff slot. If you have a partner, you both must sign up for the same slot (sometimes there are multiple slots at the same time, watch out!). You must have completed the requirements before your checkoff slot starts.

To sign up for a checkoff slot:

• Visit the OH Queue and click the Appointments link at the top.
• Find one slot that’s suitable for you, then click Add yourself to the section. Fill out the resulting form (Assignment: Lab ##, Question: Checkoff, Description: Partner: <PARTNER_NAME>) and submit it. If you have a partner, you both must sign up for the same appointment (try to sign up at the same time). If you don’t have a partner, you may be paired with someone else without one. You may not sign up for more than one appointment per lab.
• When it’s time for your appointment, go to the OH Queue. Your appointment will show up under Upcoming Appointments on the home page. When the TA is ready, a green Join Call button will appear. Click it to be taken to the Zoom call.

Checkoff: Receiving Credit

You will receive credit for a lab after completing a checkoff with a TA/AI. Before leaving the checkoff call, you must verify this by looking at the Lab## Checkoff assignment on Gradescope, replacing ## with the lab number, and making sure it is Submitted. It is your responsibility to verify that this happens for each lab; we will not be retroactively giving credit for checkoff.

If you completed checkoff in the correct timeslot, but Gradescope displays a Submitted ???? late message, you can ignore this message for now; we’ll update this after the lab deadline has passed.

Checklist

You made it! That was quite a bit of reading and head-scratching, but you’re now somewhat more familiar with the tools you’ll be using for the rest of the semester. Worth it!

This lab has an autograder. After you’ve pushed your work, submit your GitHub lab repo to the Lab Autograder assignment on Gradescope. Make sure the autograder passes!

Please check that you and your partner have:

• Filled out the introduction form from Exercise 0.
• Completed the course policies quiz from Exercise 1.
• Registered for the services from Exercise 2.
• Registered and checked your information on the Hive in Exercise 3.
• Completed Exercise 4 (matching the described at the end).
• Passed the Lab Autograder for this lab

After a TA/AI has checked you off, please make sure that the corresponding lab assignment on Gradescope (Lab## Checkoff) is marked as Submitted.

Appendix

These are some tools you may find helpful, but are by no means required for this course :)

Text Editor vs. IDE

CS61C doesn’t endorse any particular text editor or IDE. Many people get by in this course using a text editor with no frills (think: Vim/Emacs/Nano). We’ll expect you to know how to use at least one terminal-based text editor (again, Vim/Emacs/Nano), since you’ll be dealing with the command line a lot.

For your own work, you may find it nice to have CLion from JetBrains if you’re used to working in IntelliJ from CS61B. Note though that we won’t be providing any course-official support, so setting it up and maintaining it are up to you.

The majority of students do their work in a local editor (Sublime, Atom, VSCode) and use Git to copy their files from their local machine to the Hive. Some students also set up Cyberduck to make copying files over easier. Again, we won’t provide any course-official support, but you’re welcome to do what works best for you.

Quick SSH

Tired of typing up an entire SSH command and password? Follow the instructions on this Piazza post ("Useful additional setup information for labs and projects")